No is the simple answer. Your licence may be valid for you to drive in the UK as a visitor but you cannot do CBT without a UK Driver Number.
You have a couple of options:
- Exchange your foreign licence for a UK one. Have a look at gov.uk and check whether the UK has a reciprocal agreement with your country. Once you have passed the bike test and got a full UK bike licence you should be able to exchange it back again in your home country if you want to.
- Apply for a UK Provisional Driving Licence. You would keep your foreign car licence and, once you’ve passed your bike test, also have a UK bike licence. I don’t know what the implications would then be if you wanted to add the motorcycle category back in your home country. To apply for a UK licence you can go online to gov.uk or get a form D1 from the Post Office.